Affective Trust in the Supervisor and Innovative Work Behavior: The Effects of Proactive Skill Development and Learning Goal Orientation.

The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between affective trust in the supervisor and innovative work behavior. In addition, this paper investigated the mediating role of proactive skill development in the affective trust - innovative work behavior relationship and the moderating role of learning goal orientation in the affective trust - proactive skill development relationship. Data for this study were collected from 220 employees drawn from four FMCG (fast moving consumer goods) companies based in Pakistan. Multiple regression analyses and the bootstrapping procedure were used to test the research hypotheses. Results revealed that proactive skill development partially mediated the effects of affective trust in the supervisor on innovative work behavior. Furthermore, we found that learning goal orientation strengthened the direct effect of affective trust in the supervisor on proactive skill development and also strengthened its indirect effect on innovative work behavior. The theoretical and practical implications of our results and the limitations of this research are discussed.

Non-violent communication as a technology in interpersonal relationships in health work: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Working in healthcare environments is highly stressful for most professionals and can trigger problems in interpersonal relationships that can result in horizontal violence. In order to prevent violence and improve the working environment, some strategies can be implemented to provide well-being for all those involved, whether directly or indirectly in health care, such as non-violent communication. The aim of this study was to map and synthesize the available scientific evidence on the use of Nonviolent Communication as a technology for a culture of peace in interpersonal relationships in healthcare. METHODS: This is a scoping review carried out in the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, Excerpa Medica DataBASE (Embase), PsycINFO - APA/ PsycNET (American Psychological Association) and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases between March and August 2023. The eligibility criteria used were studies that addressed the topic of NVC in the area of health, published in Portuguese, Spanish or English, with no time restrictions. RESULTS: 53 studies were found in the databases. Two additional studies were extracted from of primary research. In the first exclusion phase, 16 texts were removed due to being duplicated. 39 articles were potentially relevant, and full-texts were reviewed for eligibility along with the inclusion and exclusion criteria Thus, seven studies were included in this review, published in English (five) and Portuguese (two), two of which were carried out in Brazil, one in the United States of America, one in South Korea, one in France, one in Canada and one in Thailand. In terms of the type of study/publication, two studies were reflections, one was a review, one was a mixed study, one was an experience report and two were experimental. The studies were predominantly of high and moderate methodological quality (85.7%). The total number of participants in the studies was 185. The studies showed that NVC is a technology that has made it possible to improve interpersonal relationships between health professionals. Training programs or educational intervention projects on the subject are useful for familiarizing professionals with the subject and demonstrating situations in which the technique can be included. CONCLUSION: The global scientific literature indicates that Nonviolent Communication is a significant resource for improving interpersonal relationships in healthcare work. This approach can be adopted as a strategy by managers and decision-makers, both to resolve conflicts and to prevent aggressive situations between health professionals, especially when it comes to moral or psychological aspects.

Preliminary investigation of objective and subjective experiences of relatives of individuals with hoarding behaviors.

OBJECTIVE: Families of individuals with hoarding symptoms report substantial burden; however, there has been no investigation of potential positive experiences. The objective of this study was to examine the experiences reported by individuals with a relative with elevated hoarding symptoms using a cross-sectional design. The current investigation expands on the literature in this area by incorporating a detailed interview of experiences in conjunction with validated measures of hoarding symptomology. METHODS: Twenty-nine adults with relatives with elevated hoarding symptoms completed self-report measures of hoarding severity for themselves and their relative and a clinician-administered assessment of their experiences with their family member with hoarding symptoms. RESULTS: Participants endorsed significant burden across a range of areas, including permanent changes in their daily routine. The majority (93%) of participants reported at least one positive experience, with 69% endorsing companionship as a benefit of the relationship. Greater symptom severity of the relative with hoarding symptoms was associated with greater subjective burden and decreased positive experiences. CONCLUSION: Our results add further evidence to the potential for interpersonal psychotherapy to lead to a reduction in hoarding symptomology.

'To loosen up and talk': Patients´ and facilitators´ experiences of discovery group sessions from the Tidal Model as an introduction before engaging in a person-centred group intervention.

WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THE SUBJECT: Treatment groups in Mental Health Service is cost-effective, increases patients´ self-understanding and stimulate change Research shows that people with mental illness have different barriers to attend group sessions which often originates from a lack of trust in other people, but it is known that the possibility to build gradual trust among the participants encourages attendance. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE: This study is based on the experience from outpatients and illuminates how discovery groups from the Tidal Model can be used as introductory sessions to build gradual trust among people with mental illness before engaging in a person-centred group intervention. The study fills a research gap in methods to create a safe and trusting environment in treatment groups for people with mental illness working with recovery-oriented person-centred interventions. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This study emphasizes the importance of meeting concerns about social interactions in persons with mental illness when joining treatment groups. It presents a recovery-oriented method which meets this requirement and is easy to implement in practice. ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Recovery-oriented interventions delivered individually or in groups are more and more common within mental health nursing. However, persons with mental illness may be cautious about engaging in groups. Therefore, it is important to provide a trusting basis in the group to allow for the best opportunities to promote engagement, attendance and impact of treatment. AIM: The aim was to explore how discovery group sessions were experienced as introductory sessions from the perspectives of participants and facilitators before engaging in a person-centred group intervention. METHOD: A qualitative interview study was conducted, involving four group facilitators and 16 participants with mental illness from five completed groups. Data were analysed with Ricoeur's theory of interpretation. RESULTS: The findings showed that the two discovery group sessions were experienced as useful and meaningful to all and created a safe atmosphere and a trusted relationship among group participants and facilitators. DISCUSSION: Feeling safe and sharing experiences and emotions contribute to the relational climate in a group. IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE: Addressing concerns about social interactions in persons with mental illness is important in group treatment. This study proved that engaging patients in designing or adapting interventions for mental health services is important to improve quality.

The relationship between academic stress and depression among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from China.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic is a global public health crisis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health has attracted great attention. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship between academic stress and depression in Chinese college students and its mechanisms. Therefore, this study investigated the mechanisms of coping style, sleep quality, and interpersonal relationship in academic stress and depression among college students. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2022 through face-to-face questionnaires with college students in Anhui Province, China. The questionnaires included sociodemographic information, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and the Self-Rating Depression Scale. Ordered logistic regression model was used to study the relationship between academic stress and depression of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic through the mechanism analysis of coping style, sleep quality and interpersonal relationship. RESULTS: Two thousand thirty-three Chinese college students participated in the study, including 1,285 female and 748 male college students, with an average age 19.81 years old (SD = 1.22 years old). The results showed that (1) Academic stress had a significant impact on depression in college students under the background of COVID-19 (p < 0.01); (2) The influence of academic stress on depression had a difference in work experience as student cadres, which showed that college students who had served as student cadres were less affected by academic stress (p < 0.10), college students who had not served as student cadres were greatly affected by the academic stress (p < 0.05); (3) College students' attitudes toward COVID-19 significantly affected depression (p < 0.01); (4) Counselors' concern had a significant impact on college students' depression (p < 0.01); (5) Positive coping style, high quality sleep and good interpersonal relationship were the important mechanisms of the impact of academic stress on college students' depression. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new findings for in-depth understanding of the relationship between academic stress and depression among college students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is conducive to the provision of targeted intervention measures for the mental health of college students.

Aggressive Humor and Social Connectedness: The Moderating Roles of Subjective Social Status and Gender.

Aggressive humor has been conceived as a maladaptive humor style that jeopardizes social relationships. However, past studies have yielded inconsistent findings regarding the detrimental effects of aggressive humor on social relationships. This study attempts to advance the existing literature by examining the gender difference in the moderating role of subjective social status in the association between aggressive humor and social connectedness. Participants were 228 (53.1% female) adults aged from 18 to 53 years (M = 23.19, SD = 6.43). The hypothesized moderated moderation effect was significant, suggesting that gender significantly moderated the moderating effect of subjective social status on the association between aggressive humor and social connectedness. Subjective social status significantly moderated the association between aggressive humor and social connectedness for men but not for women. For men, aggressive humor was negatively associated with social connectedness when subjective social status was low or medium, but the association was not significant when subjective social status was high. For women, aggressive humor was not associated with social connectedness regardless of subjective social status. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Impact of social connectedness on weight loss outcomes in an online program.

Obesity is linked to many negative health consequences. While online behavioral weight loss programs (BWL) are an effective treatment for obesity, weight losses are modest. Social connectedness has been found to improve weight loss outcomes and previous findings suggests that it may be especially important for people of color. The present study investigated the impact of social connectedness (structural connectedness, or network size; relationship quality, and functional connectedness, or social support) on weight loss outcomes in an online BWL program and whether Black race or Hispanic ethnicity moderates the relationship between social connectedness and weight loss. Participants (N = 387) enrolled in a 16-week online BWL program and completed measures of social connectedness before treatment and had their weight measured. Individuals with less structural connectedness (smaller social networks) had greater weight losses. Further, higher levels of functional connectedness (affectionate support, positive support, and relationship quality) mediated the relationship between smaller network size and better weight loss outcomes. Black race / Hispanic ethnicity did not moderate the relationship between social connectedness and weight loss. These findings suggest that the quality of one's relationships, not the size of one's social network, is important for weight loss. Future studies may examine whether online BWL programs that build relationship quality and affectionate and positive support in participants' existing social networks improve overall weight loss outcomes.

[Validation for people with dementia: innovation without evidence? : Systematic review]. / Validation bei Menschen mit Demenz: Innovation ohne Evidenz? : Systematischer Review.

BACKGROUND: Validation was an innovative approach to dealing with people with dementia that was supposed to reduce the incidence of challenging behavior. This effect, however, remains unclear to this day. OBJECTIVE: Does validation reduce challenging behaviour in people with dementia? MATERIAL AND METHOD: Systematic review according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature search in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Web of Science. Description and critical appraisal of identified studies by two reviewers using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials. RESULTS: A total of five studies were identified. Only one showed a significant reduction in challenging behavior compared to the control group. All studies had a moderate to high risk of bias. CONCLUSION: Despite the negative results, a positive effect of validation cannot be ruled out as the trials tested validation as an isolated treatment and not as an integrated part of daily care. In addition, blinding, which is common in clinical trials, is not an appropriate criterion for evaluating trials investigating interventions where the effects result exclusively from interpersonal interaction.

Coach-athlete relationships and life skills development among Brazilian handball players: A prospective study / Relaciones entrenador-atleta y desarrollo de habilidades para la vida entre jugadores brasileños de balonmano: un estudio prospectivo

This study was to examine the prospective associations between coach-athlete relationship (CAR) and life skills development in youth handball players. This study employed a longitudinal research design. A total of 78 male handball players completed the Life Skills Scale for Sport and the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire over three waves of data collection: start of the season; midseason and end of the season. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance Pearson’s Correlation and Linear Multiple Regression (p<.05). The findings indicated the three dimensions of CAR seem to have higher effect on life skills subscales as the season progressed (i.e., higher effect on life skills at T3 compared to T2 and T1). Commitment and Complementarity were positively associated with several life skills subscales at all three timepoints. Results suggest that the quality of the CAR is an important determinant for the de-velopment of life skills in youth handball players across the sports season. (AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar las posibles asociaciones entre la relación entrena-dor-atleta (CAR) y el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida en jugadores juveniles de balon-mano. Este estudio empleó un diseño de investigación longitudinal. Un total de 78 jugadores masculinos de balonmano completaron la Escala de Habilidades para la Vida Deportiva y la Es-cala de Entrenadores. Cuestionario sobre la relación con los atletas en tres oleadas de recopi-lación de datos: inicio de la temporada; mitad de temporada y final de temporada. Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis multivariado de varianza, correlación de Pearson y regresión lineal múltiple (p<0,05). Los hallazgos indicaron que las tres dimensiones de CAR parecen te-ner un mayor efecto en las subescalas de habilidades para la vida a medida que avanzaba la temporada (es decir, un mayor efecto sobre las habilidades para la vida en T3 en comparación con T2 y T1). El compromiso y la complementariedad se asociaron positivamente con varias subescalas de habilidades para la vida en los tres momentos. Los resultados sugieren que la ca-lidad del CAR es un determinante importante para el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida en jugadores juveniles de balonmano a lo largo de la temporada deportiva. (AU)

Approved or disregarded? Exploring arenas for narrative relations in geriatric care.

PURPOSE: The use of narration in healthcare has been accentuated as a response to the requested shift towards person-centred care. The notion of narrative relations refers to a process of involving several people in mutual and ongoing narrative exchange. This study aimed to explore how and where narrative relations may be adopted and enacted in everyday healthcare practice. METHODS: The study has a qualitative, explorative design. Seven interprofessional focus group discussions with healthcare staff were prompted by vignettes. A multidisciplinary team of healthcare staff (n = 31) were recruited on a geriatric ward. Data were analysed using a constant comparative method. RESULTS: A core theme shows how narrative relations are adopted and enacted both as part of an approved practice-the work procedures commonly approved as part of healthcare, and as a disregarded practice where covert but important narrative relations take place to support fundamental qualities of healthcare. Moreover, the findings consider arenas of healthcare practice where approved or disregarded practices are enacted in the clinic frontstage and the clinic backstage. CONCLUSIONS: Narrative relations may take place in different arenas of healthcare practice yet simultaneously become a cohesive force interconnecting those arenas and uphold continuity. Impeded narrative relations in one arena may have unintended consequences in another.

Effectiveness of an Interpersonal Influence Intervention to Increase Commitment to Adopt Health-Promoting Behavior in Nursing Students.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of the "interpersonal influence intervention" conducted by health professionals to increase the commitment to adopt health-promoting behavior in nursing students compared to the usual care of a university wellness program. Patients and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed. The study included 114 nursing students from a university in Cali, Colombia, who were divided into a control group (n = 57) that received usual care and an experimental group (n = 57) that received the intervention designed and validated according to Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model. The main outcome was the lifestyle measured before and after the test using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II Spanish version. The effect of the intervention was carried out through the average comparison, effect size measures were calculated using Cohen's d and analysis of the effect of possible confounding variables on the intervention (ANCOVA). Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the experimental group and the control group (p = 0.015; 95% CI -0.42, -0.05). The effect size of the intervention was 0.49. The interpersonal influences exhibited by health professionals can increase the commitment to adopt health-promoting behaviors (Hypothesis 1), and the greater the commitment to a specific action plan, the more likely it is that health-promoting behaviors will be maintained over time (Hypothesis 2). Conclusion: The effectiveness of the intervention interpersonal influences exerted by health professionals to increase the commitment to adopt health-promoting behavior is proven. Evidence demonstrates the practical utility of the Health Promotion Model.

Comunicación interpersonal de médicos-docentes en las prácticas formativas de un pregrado de medicina

Introducción: La comunicación es una competencia esencial en los currículos médicos, y es fundamental en modelos de atención centrados en el paciente. Las prácticas clínicas, eje en la formación médica, son escenarios de interacciones docente-estudiantes-pacientes; en ellas, los estudiantes aprenden a comunicarse con el paciente de la mano de sus profesores. El objetivo del estudio fue comprender la comunicación de médicos-docentes en prácticas clínicas de un pregrado de medicina. Metodología: Investigación cualitativa desde el marco interpretativo del interaccionismo simbólico y el análisis bajo los lineamientos de la teoría fundamentada. Se entrevistaron quince médicos docentes de cursos clínicos. Las entrevistas se grabaron, transcribieron y codificaron por unidades de sentido. Resultados: Del análisis emergen diferentes visiones del estudiante e interés por los elementos comunicativos con este y el paciente y la reflexión de la práctica docente. Los docentes son conscientes del rol de modelaje para el aprendizaje de los estudiantes; consideran a los pacientes como seres vulnerables, generosos, agradecidos, que representan el recurso más valioso para la enseñanza; con ellos desarrollan su doble misión de resolver problemas de salud y enseñar. Conclusiones: Los docentes, en la interacción con los estudiantes y pacientes, transforman una práctica más instruccional y disciplinar a una centrada en los sujetos y sus necesidades. La regulación del currículo y la normativa de las instituciones de salud genera tensiones a los docentes entre el quehacer médico y el deseo de enseñar.

Introduction: Communication is an essential skill in medical curricula and crucial in patient-centered care models. Resident experience is fundamental in medical training. These experiences offer teacher-student-patient interactions where students learn about doctor-patient communication directly from their preceptors. The objective of the study was to understand doctor-teacher communication during clinical practices in an undergraduate medical program. Methodology: Qualitative research undertaken from the interpretive framework of Symbolic Interactionism andanalysis under Grounded Theory guidelines. Fifteen (15) clinical-course medical doctors were interviewed. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded by meaning units. Results: Different student views emerged, including student interest in student-patient communicative aspects as well as their own thoughts on teaching. Teachers are aware of their role as models in student learning; they see patients as vulnerable, generous, grateful people that represent the most valuable asset in their teaching endeavor; with them, teachers develop their dual mission, that is, solving health-related problems and teaching. Discussion and conclusions: During their interaction with students and patients, teachers transform an essentially instructional and disciplined practice into one centered on the patient and their needs. The stress doctors face when addressing the medical task itself versus their desire to teach is compounded by curriculum guidelines and health agency norms. This is, in fact, part of the hidden curriculum that influences student learning

Gênero e violência nos relacionamentos afetivo-sexuais entre adolescentes / Gender and violence in affective-sexual relationships among adolescents

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as relações entre gênero e violência nos relacionamentos afetivo-sexuais de adolescentes. Para tanto, foram realizados grupos focais com 29 adolescentes, estudantes do 9o ano do ensino fundamental e EJA de três escolas públicas de uma cidade no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Os participantes tinham entre 13 e 17 anos de idade. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à Análise Temática Reflexiva, o que possibilitou a elaboração de dois temas. No primeiro, a violência apresentou-se como ferramenta para a construção das masculinidades. A violência física ocupa um lugar central no imaginário desses jovens, sendo uma via de descarga para agressividade, bem como uma prática sujeita a sanções legais. No segundo tema, a violência evidenciou-se como um dispositivo de coerção e amedrontamento das meninas adolescentes. Foi possível observar que as situações de violência são onipresentes nas vivências das adolescentes, sendo mais intensas no contexto dos relacionamentos e após o término. Conclui-se que a violência é um importante marcador das desigualdades de gênero nos relacionamentos entre adolescentes, colocando as meninas adolescentes em situação de desvantagem em relação aos meninos.

The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between gender and violence in adolescents' affective-sexual relationships. Focal groups were carried out with 29 adolescents, students of the 9th year of elementary school and EJA from three public schools in a city in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul. The participants were between 13 and 17 years old. The collected data were submitted to Reflexive Thematic Analysis, which allowed the elaboration of two themes. In the first theme, violence was a tool for the construction of masculinities. Physical violence particularly occupies a central place in the imagination of these adolescents, being a way of discharge for aggression, as well as a practice subject to legal sanctions. In the second theme, violence was a tool of coercion and intimidation of adolescent girls. It was possible to observe that situations of violence are omnipresent in the experiences of adolescents, being more intense in the context of relationships and after the breakup. We conclude that violence is an important marker of gender inequalities in relationships between adolescents, placing adolescent girls at a disadvantage compared to boys.

Práticas relacionais dos enfermeiros com a família numa unidade de cuidados intensivos cardíacos / Relational practices of nurses with families in a cardiac intensive care unit / Prácticas relacionales del personal de enfermería con la familia en una unidad de cuidados intensivos cardíacos

Resumo Enquadramento: O cuidado centrado na família é uma abordagem que atende às necessidades e valores de cada família. Objetivo: Conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros da Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Cardíacos (UCIC) de um Centro Hospitalar da Zona Norte de Portugal (CHZNP) sobre as Práticas Relacionais dos Enfermeiros com a Família em Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos (PREFUCI). Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, correlacional e transversal. Amostra constituída por 26 enfermeiros, 65,4% (n = 17) do sexo feminino. Usamos as escalas PREFUCI-Importância e PREFUCI-Frequência. Resultados: A prática "Disponibilizar-se para esclarecer dúvidas aos familiares" foi a mais escolhida pelos participantes como Totalmente Importante e implementada Sempre. A média do score global da PREFUCI, obtido através da soma da pontuação dos 15 itens que compõem cada escala foi, 59,5 na escala Importância e 52,69 na escala Frequência. Conclusão: Os participantes revelaram uma atitude positiva face à importância das PREFUCI, no entanto, a frequência com que as implementam é moderada, verificando-se uma correlação positiva entre essas duas variáveis, que reflete a necessidade de operacionalização destas práticas.

Abstract Background: Family-centered care is an approach that addresses the needs and values of each family. Objective: To know the perceptions of nurses in the cardiac intensive care unit of a hospital center in northern Portugal about relational practices with families in an intensive care unit. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study with a sample of 26 nurses, 65.4% (n = 17) female. The PREFUCI-Importance and PREFUCI-Frequency scales were used. Results: The practice of "being available to clarify doubts to family members" was the practice most frequently rated by participants as Totally important and implemented Always. The mean PREFUCI total score, calculated by summing the scores of the 15 items in each scale, was 59.5 on the importance scale and 52.69 on the frequency scale. Conclusion: Participants showed positive attitudes toward the importance of PREFUCI. However, the frequency of implementation is moderate, with a positive correlation between these two variables, reflecting the need to operationalize these practices.

Resumen Marco contextual: La atención centrada en la familia es un enfoque que responde a las necesidades y los valores de cada familia. Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de los enfermeros de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardíacos (UCIC) de un centro hospitalario de la zona norte de Portugal (CHZNP) sobre las Prácticas Relacionales de los Enfermeros y la Familia en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (PREFUCI). Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional y transversal. Muestra compuesta por 26 enfermeros, el 65,4% (n = 17) del sexo femenino. Se usaron las escalas PREFUCI-Importancia y PREFUCI-Frecuencia. Resultados: La práctica "Estar disponible para responder a las preguntas de los familiares" fue la más elegida por los participantes como Totalmente Importante y aplicada Siempre. La media de la puntuación global de la PREFUCI, obtenida a través de la suma de la puntuación de los 15 ítems que componen cada escala fue 59,5 en la escala Importancia y 52,69 en la escala Frecuencia. Conclusión: Los participantes mostraron una actitud positiva hacia la importancia de las PREFUCI, sin embargo, la frecuencia con la que las aplican es moderada, y existe una correlación positiva entre estas dos variables, lo que refleja la necesidad de operativizar estas prácticas.

[An evaluation of teacher training to promote healthy and equitable relationships: transforming or reproducing?] / Evaluación de la formación a profesorado para promover relaciones saludables y equitativas: ¿transformar o reproducir?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the training on teacher capacity to implement Posem el Focus, a socio-educational intervention adapted from Lights4Violence to prevent the gender-based violence during adolescence. METHOD: Evaluation study of a training using qualitative methodology in Terrassa, 2019-2021. The socio-constructionist perspective was used to understand the impact of teacher training and its translation into educational practice. A purposive sampling of teachers (n=32) was carried out. A descriptive-interpretative analysis of the discourses was carried out based on the written productions of the participants in the training and their answers to some open questions. An explanatory theoretical framework was developed. RESULTS: Teachers reported acquiring concepts, developing new skills and modifying some attitudes. Teachers stated theoretical understanding of the sex-gender system, intersectionality and explicit and implicit violence. However, they reproduced gender stereotypes, did not understand the inclusive approach and pointed out not identifying implicit violence. Teachers perceived the training as useful and felt empowered to implement the intervention. No differences were identified in discursive production with respect to gender or age. CONCLUSIONS: Teacher training ensures minimum knowledge and facilitates the acquisition of some skills, although it does not achieve in-depth changes in attitudes. It is concluded that the training enables teachers to implement Posem el Focus, although it is recommended that it be reformulated.

Migraines and Family Life: Adaptation and Validation of the Portuguese Version of the IMPAC Scale / Las migrañas y la vida familiar: adaptación y validación de la versión portuguesa de la escala IMPAC

Migraine is a prevalent disorder imposing a great, pervasive burden on the bearer’s life. However, research is lacking on the individual and family impact of migraines. This study aims to adapt and validate a Portuguese version of the Impact of Migraine on Partners and Adolescent Children (IMPAC) scale, analyzing its psychometric properties. Four hundred eighty six individuals with migraines answered an online questionnaire, also containing a health-related quality of life measure – SF-12. The IMPAC-P presented good psychometric properties and fit of the theoretical model with three underlying factors – Activity Limitations, Partner Interaction, and Children Interaction. The impact of migraines was higher in women, single or widowed individuals, and those aged 21 to 40, exhibiting a significant and negative correlation with SF-12. The IMPAC-P is a brief, valid, reliable, and sensitive tool for assessing the impact of migraines on the bearer’s life and family in both clinical and research contexts. (AU)

La migraña es un trastorno prevalente que impone una carga grande y generalizada en la vida del que la sufre. No obstante, falta investigación acerca de la repercusión individual y familiar de la misma. El estudio adapta y valida la versión portuguesa de la escala sobre Repercusión de la Migraña en la Pareja e Hijos Adolescentes (IMPAC según sus siglas en inglés), analizando sus propiedades psicométricas. Una muestra de 456 sujetos que padecían migrañas contestó al cuestionario online, que incluía igualmente una medida de calidad de vida relativa a la salud (la SF-12). La escala presenta buenas propiedades psicométricas y un buen ajuste al modelo teórico, con tres factores subyacentes (limitaciones de la actividad, interacción de pareja e interacción entre los hijos). El impacto de las migrañas era superior en las mujeres y personas solteras o viudas así como en las personas de entre 21 y 40 años de edad, habiendo una correlación negativa significativa con la SF-12. Se trata de una herramienta breve, válida, fiable y sensible para evaluar el efecto de las migrañas en la vida de quien las sufre y de la familia, tanto en contextos clínicos como de investigación. (AU)

Ethics in Clinical Orthopedic Surgery.

Introduction: Orthopedic surgeons, owing to their specialized role, have a set of medical and moral responsibilities that span beyond the confines of the operating room. The primary objective of this exploration is to emphasize the pivotal ethical and professional standards that these surgeons should uphold. Methodology: We derived key ethical and professional aspects by reviewing standard medical practices, professional guidelines, and through consultations with senior orthopedic professionals. These aspects covered both the conduct inside the surgery room and the interpersonal relations outside. Results: Several core areas of conduct were identified.Patient-Centered Care: Prioritizing the holistic well-being of the patient.Communication: Ensuring that all communications are both transparent and respectful.Informed Consent: Properly securing consent after ensuring the patient is adequately informed.Confidentiality: Taking measures to safeguard patient information.Professional Behavior: Upholding the highest standards of professional conduct.Continuous Learning: Remaining committed to updating skills and enhancing competence.Interpersonal Relations: Building healthy and constructive relationships with industry representatives, professional peers, and hospital staff.Personal Life Balance: Recognizing the importance of a balanced personal and professional life for holistic well-being. Conclusion: For Orthopedic surgeons, strict adherence to the outlined ethical and professional principles is essential. Such commitment not only ensures the trust and safety of patients but also serves to maintain and elevate the prestigious standing of the orthopedic community in the broader medical landscape.

A Shared Intentionality Account of Uniquely Human Social Bonding.

Many mechanisms of social bonding are common to all primates, but humans seemingly have developed some that are unique to the species. These involve various kinds of interactive experiences-from taking a walk together to having a conversation-whose common feature is the triadic sharing of experience. Current theories of social bonding have no explanation for why humans should have these unique bonding mechanisms. Here we propose a shared intentionality account of uniquely human social bonding. Humans evolved to participate with others in unique forms of cooperative and communicative activities that both depend on and create shared experience. Sharing experience in these activities causes partners to feel closer because it allows them to assess their partner's cooperative competence and motivation toward them and because the shared representations created during such interactions make subsequent cooperative interactions easier and more effective.

University Professors' Communicative Competence and Its Relationship With Interpersonal Communication and Voice Symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between communicative competence self-assessment and interpersonal communication self-perception and voice symptoms in university professors. METHOD: Cross-sectional, analytical, observational study in 322 professors, who answered sociodemographic and occupational questions and three self-perception protocols: Self-Assessment of Communication Competence (SACCom), Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale (ICCS), and Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS). The dependent variable was SACCom's yes/no answers. Univariate and multivariate descriptive and inferential data analyses were performed through logistic regression. RESULTS: Most professors were females (55.3%), worked 40 hours (96.6%), and self-reported voice symptoms (72.7%). The largest portion had been in the career for 11-22 years (38.2%). The final multivariate model demonstrated that better self-assessed communicative competence among professors (SACCom) is related to an absence of voice complaints (odds ratio (OR) = 2.17; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-3.65) and better self-perceived interpersonal communication (ICCS) (OR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.02-1.08). The older the professor (OR = 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.06), the better their communicative competence (SACCom). CONCLUSIONS: Study professors' self-assessed communicative competence is predominantly high. Those with a better communicative competence self-assessment are older and vocally healthy and self-perceive greater interpersonal communication skills.

Love and Sexual Relationships Between Patients in Short Term Psychiatric Units: the Caregivers' Opinion.

BACKGROUND: The management of romantic and sexual relationships between inpatients in short-term psychiatric units is a controversial subject among caregivers. Not all units have policies, and the content of said policies can be unclear or even incoherent. The lack of clear policy leaves the caregivers without guidelines and can lead to a diverging management depending on personal values. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A survey based on the current literature distributed among 69 caregivers of 20 short-term psychiatric units in French-Speaking Belgium. The survey included socio-demographic characteristics, questions about the existence, knowledge, and content of policy. RESULTS: Policies about romantic relationships exist for 51.5% of caregivers and 75% about sexual intercourse. The main content of policies is a ban on relations. Surprisingly, the study highlights the absence of staff consensus for most units on the existence and content of policies. Furthermore, while most caregivers consistently adhere to policies, 31% of caregivers for romantic relationships and 14% for sexual intercourse, never apply the rules in any situation. CONCLUSIONS: There's a lack of policy, knowledge of policy and application. Discussion about the creation of policy could be implemented during team meetings to allow the caregivers to develop new protocols about romantic or sexual relationships, more aligned to their moral compass and personal beliefs.